The final useful products from goat breeding can be put into production flow if breeding as a business is properly planned and profitability is raised to high profits with proper distribution of agricultural areas.

One of the types of agricultural activities is just beginning to take off in our country - goat breeding as a business. Where to start and how to succeed are the first questions that come to mind for beginning farmers. Any organization of production work on a scale, and not just to obtain benefits on the family table, requires a competent plan and study of market features.

Of all the known breeds in our country, the following have gained popularity:

• Saanen
• alpine
• Nubian
• the violent temper of the British Toggenburgs does not prevent them from being in demand

After getting acquainted with the features, you need to research how experienced livestock breeders began their successful work.

Practical organization of activities

First of all, it is necessary to go through all the stages of the bureaucratic path to register a farm in order to work within the legal framework.

To do this, visit government agencies to:

• submit an application to the tax authorities, and they registered the farmer as an individual entrepreneur
• extras to pass on the codes in which the activities of the business executive are encrypted, his focus on breeding, selling the final products, which ones
• receive the assigned registration number
• a written request to express a desire to the administration to rent or buy land in order to build farm premises on it, organize grazing
• with the help of State Committee employees, draw up land surveying documents with technical aspects
• obtain a land cadastre for land from those. passport for development
• obtain a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the basis of which the farm can exist and sell its products
• coordinate all issues with firefighters and environmentalists so that these inspections issue a permit
• if the farmer is the owner, he must have the appropriate certificate, tenants usually have contract papers for land plots and buildings

After all the paperwork, the businessman calculates how much it will cost him to set up his farm.

Secrets of planning

After the disappearance of collective farms, it is no secret that in rural areas you can still find vacant abandoned farms. Without fail, no matter how burdensome the procedure may be, you need to go the legal route, fill out all the paperwork, and if you don’t yet own the land, try to develop abandoned land with old buildings.

Then it will be possible to work calmly without worrying that during the heyday a meticulous official will appear and destroy the idyll of economic growth, regardless of whether breeding as a business was profitable or not. Work begins with the arrangement of the premises. They should be warm and dry inside.

A thrifty owner arranges:

• heating, for this you will need your own boiler room
• sewer outlets
• water supply
• storage rooms
• places for processing finished products

The building requires special departments to maintain:

• young animals
• breeding males
• milking queens
• women in labor

For each individual, it is necessary to provide sufficient space, since goats love freedom of movement, they may have conflicts among themselves, which means fights. Even with peaceful coexistence, they jump, run, and are in constant motion. The smallest amount for each animal needs to be calculated and allocated at least four squares in the room.

The floor surface is covered with dry straw. The departments are equipped with areas with feeders and machines. This organization is carried out for winter maintenance in the summer, rather than grazing goats on pastures, then they will be ensured healthy growth and successful reproduction.

If the farm is aimed at producing dairy products, it will be necessary to purchase milking machines and technical means to quickly distribute feed for the evening ration, when the herd is driven to rest at night.

Particular attention is paid to a nutritious diet, which includes:

• brilliant green
• haylage
• silage
• concentrate composition

The farmer takes into account the need for mandatory, two-time, daily watering places. Problems can be easily resolved if there are bodies of water close to the farm; otherwise, an autonomous water supply system will have to be installed. In the summer, keeping any herd animals is less expensive, since they eat mainly pasture.

For the winter, goat breeders prepare hay and tie tree branches in the form of brooms. Root vegetables are well absorbed by goats, it is necessary to add grains, and also the addition of chalk and table salt must be present. The queens are given supplements containing minerals, they can come in different concentrates, and they are fed only with warm water.

What should the content be?

The livestock breeder calculates every little detail according to the correct:

• care
• feeding
• milking
• disease prevention
• treatment
• treating the premises with disinfectants
• removal of food waste and manure

Only careful hygiene will ensure healthy offspring, eliminate foci of infection, and the destruction of animals due to the occurrence of epidemics. Free range, consuming vitamins from grasses growing on pastures will give growth, normal development to babies and health to their mothers, and increase milk yield.

When kept indoors, problems arise with cleanliness and the need for constant preventive examinations of each individual in order to transplant sick ones in a timely manner and not infect the entire herd.

Each department is cleaned in a timely manner, bedding and water are changed, this does not cause life support waste to accumulate, and liquids do not stagnate in drinking bowls. Dirt becomes a breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria, which are easy to introduce but difficult to remove.

After putting things in order in livestock life, they move on to implementation planning, if the farmer has decided in which direction he will direct his business:

• sell
• sell derivatives from it in the form of cheese, cottage cheese, butter, cream
• donate meat and skins
• produce products from goat down or transfer it to industrialists whose activities are based on its use

Choosing profitable points for selling your products is one of the important points of activity for every goat breeder. Relationships must be friendly, honest and comply with all legal nuances.

You can independently stand at the market and sell milk or cottage cheese, and also enter into a mutually beneficial agreement for the sale of meat with a person who has a processing plant or restaurant and needs to purchase fresh, healthy products.

In any case, you will need to draw up a financial plan from the following expense items:

• costs of purchasing and renting farm space
• equipping the farm with equipment and technical means
• the right choice with the transportation of the first pairs of breeders or young individuals
• provision of fodder procurement, transport
• calculation of utility bills
• tax payments
• wages of hired workers

Any activity, be it a small farm or a huge multi-headed herd, begins with a properly developed plan for running a business, taking into account important little details and big aspects.

Pros and cons of specific farming

The work of a livestock breeder has always been considered labor-intensive; in order to start such a business, ignorant people in many matters need to evaluate all the worthy signs in goat breeding, find out what kind of troubles await from such a business.

The advantages of this type of activity are the following parameters:

• goat milk has become in demand among the population, people appreciated its beneficial properties and its derivatives
• goat products are present in the markets in insufficient quantities, so trouble-free sales are always possible
• animals are unpretentious in their maintenance and do not require special organization of conditions
• queens are characterized by high fertility
• farming with specifics is considered, based on practical information, to be a cost-effective activity that results in profit, which means it is a profitable production
• the final products from these animals are diverse, providing a wide choice of areas of activity

Like any agricultural work, it cannot have only pink tones; there are the following disadvantages:

• labor-intensive activity
• As a result, milk is produced at a high cost
• production over a long period will fully pay for itself and only then will profit begin to appear in the businessman’s wallet
• prices are rising from year to year for everything (equipment, young animals and adult producers), to get started, you need initial capital

The positive signs of running your own household still outweigh. From here livestock breeders appear who never have anything in common with their previous activities. They sell comfortable city apartments, buy land with the proceeds, take out loans under special programs and even from a bank that provides collateral for farmers.

Now small businesses in the direction of agriculture are developing very actively and non-stop. Goat breeding as a business is beginning to become increasingly popular among not only beginning farmers, but also experienced breeders. The profitability of the business is attractive because it is really high. You will not need large financial and physical expenses for this project, and the profit is quite attractive and high.

Goats do not require large investments

Peculiarities

Goat breeding as a business can be actively organized from scratch if you develop a well-thought-out plan, having studied all the features of the direction.

There are approximately sixty breeds of goats that can be bred under normal household conditions. The following goats are in demand: Alpine, Saanen, and British Toggerbur.

When you are developing a project and considering its profitability, consider certain aspects:

• They are grown at home to obtain high-quality milk for further sales.
• Breeding productive breeding goats, their further sale.

Selling purebred kids is highly profitable

Production plan

First you need to purchase the necessary premises and the required equipment. There are many old and abandoned buildings in villages and various towns. It will be convenient and profitable to convert the building into a farm. You can cheaply rent the land closest to you, as you will need it for growing grass for feeding and walking goats. This way the animals will produce good milk.

The farm is immediately set up at home. The room prepared for goats is characterized by dry and fresh air. Properly organize a good boiler room, reliable water supply and sewerage. A workshop for milk and a warehouse for further storage of feed crops are also needed.

Several aspects must be taken into account even before the construction of a barn for keeping all domestic goats:

1. The farm has a room for comfortable keeping of young animals, a well-thought-out maternity ward and space for all dairy goats.
2. The plan calls for 4 square meters of space per goat.
3. The project and plan include the costs of warm bedding.
4. The production plan includes costs for feeders and pens for goats.
5. It is recommended to keep goats free-range.

For a farm, it is mandatory to buy a machine for milking animals - this way you will get milk at home.

Having a field for walking will increase the productivity of the goat

Meal Plan

The basic diet includes: green juicy grass, dried and fresh hay, healthy silage feed and special concentrates.

The plan includes the main food for the winter - hay. The animals are fed at home with “brooms”, prepared in the summer from succulent branches of various trees.

Animals prefer to eat young or dried corn, exotic Jerusalem artichoke, and sweet beets. In order for goats to receive the normal amount of vitamins, they must be given table salt.

The project involves the preparation of 400 kg of selected hay for the winter for proper and balanced feeding of the goats - milk will not decrease in quantity - which is important for the farm.

One goat needs 400 kg of hay for the winter

At home, animals are fed and milked according to a certain schedule, at set hours, so that the goats do not have stress and their milk yield is stable. You will only get good milk.

The plan takes into account the costs of doctors if the goats get sick or are unable to give birth on their own without unwanted consequences.

The breeding project provides facilities for the treatment of the premises and the entire farm. Timely and high-quality cleaning of the pen will save animals from infections.

Plan for obtaining products and selling them

Milk characteristics:

• Contains immunoglobulin, known to everyone, which is used for effective treatment and thoughtful prevention of various lung diseases.
• Milk from a good breed of goat is suitable for replacing breast milk.
• Easily removes radionuclides dangerous to the body.

The plan for producing clean, quality milk from a goat farm depends on the breed of goat chosen. Keep in mind that after a few years, a goat is able to increase its milk yield, which significantly affects the profit of the entire farm.

Goat milk is very healthy and is in demand among consumers

The dairy products you can get are cottage cheese, cheese, fatty butter and high-calorie cream. All these products are in demand among consumers, so farmers earn good profits from these aspects.

Affects income and young animals. You can easily breed young goats, which can later be sold or added to the main herd. Expand your herd or organize sales in the form of live animals or meat.

The ideal product for marketing is goat fluff. Suitable for further production of carpets and various warm blankets for cold winters. You can sew a warm sheepskin coat from ordinary goatskin.

Why is the business and the plan itself profitable and has good, stable profits? You can sell the products that farmers receive either independently or through other organizations.

When the production and plan in terms of milk is organized by the farmer himself, you can be absolutely sure of the quality of the resulting product. It is realistic to constantly monitor the stages of processing dairy products.

If you lack experience, sell quality milk to various experienced entrepreneurs in the direction of small businesses. A well-thought-out agreement of a standard form is concluded in advance. It is better if the documentation is checked in advance by an experienced lawyer to whom you can entrust your personal affairs.

• Marketing plan
• Production plan
• Recruitment
• Financial plan
• How much can you earn from a goat farm?
• Which equipment to choose
• Production technology
  • • • Similar business ideas:

Business plan for organizing a goat breeding farm with an initial population of 100 animals.

How much money do you need to organize a goat farm?

According to our calculations, to organize a goat-breeding mini-farm for 100 heads you will need at least 6,000,000 rubles:

• Purchase and reconstruction of a former farm - RUB 2,500,000.
• Purchase of goats (300 heads) - RUB 1,500,000.
• Milking parlor - RUB 1,000,000.
• Purchase of equipment and household supplies. tools - 300,000 rub.
• Refrigerated vehicle for selling milk - 600,000 rubles.
• Creation of feed reserves - 80,000 rubles.
• Business registration and other expenses - RUB 100,000.

Marketing plan

The study revealed unmet demand for goat products. There are goat milk producers in the region, but there are very few of them, and the main share of them are private household plots with a population of no more than 10 goats. People are learning more and more about the real beneficial properties of this milk and in the future the demand for the product will only grow. The most attractive thing about the goat breeding business is the selling price per liter of milk. It is significantly higher than the price of cow's milk. The minimum wholesale price that can be found today is 50 rubles per liter. However, it is not uncommon for milk to be sold at a price of 100 rubles or more. Our farm plans to sell milk by supplying the product to processing plants. There the milk will undergo pasteurization and will be used to produce cheese, cottage cheese, yoghurt, cream and butter. Subsequently, as the business develops, the production of these products will be organized directly on our farm. This will increase the farm's profit several times. Thus, the price for goat milk cottage cheese starts from 1000 rubles/kg, for yogurt - from 750 rubles/l, cream - from 650 rubles/l, butter - from 4000 rubles/kg! Another promising direction is the production of baby food from goat milk.

Production plan

To organize a business, it is planned to purchase an old inactive farm. The purchase and reconstruction of premises (including the construction of pens) will cost 2.5 million rubles. The size of the farm, taking into account utility rooms and warehouses, will be 1200 sq. m. meters. The purchase of equipment (drinkers, feeders, household tools) will cost about 300 thousand rubles. Also, a significant part of the funds will be spent on the purchase and installation of a milking parlor for goats. This will cost the farm 1 - 1.5 million rubles. The milking parlor will significantly mechanize the process of milking animals, increase milk yield and, most importantly, significantly reduce the need for hired personnel, which will ultimately make it possible to obtain milk at a lower cost. High costs will also be associated with the creation of farm livestock. At the initial stage, our farm plans to purchase 100 animals. One milking goat costs about 15 thousand rubles, so at least 1.5 million rubles will be spent on purchasing 100 goats. However, foreign experience suggests that the optimal size of a goat farm is 500 dairy goats, with a milk yield of 1000 liters. for lactation. In the future, the livestock of our farm will be brought to this size. In order to obtain high milk yields, the farm will purchase young purebred high-yielding Saanen goats. The Saanen breed is the best of the best. With proper feeding and maintenance, one animal can produce up to 1200 kg of milk per year. Such indicators cannot be achieved with other breeds. The goats will be fed with hay, vegetables, twig food and compound feed, which are planned to be purchased from local agricultural producers. In the summer, in order to save feed and increase milk yield, grazing in the fresh air will be organized for the goats.

Recruitment

Milking operators (3 people), general workers (3 people), a production manager and a sales manager will be hired as farm workers. Agreements will also be concluded with the visiting veterinarian and accountant. The wage fund will be 150 thousand rubles per month.

What OKVED code should I indicate when registering a goat farm?

It is planned to register a peasant farm as an organizational and legal form. OKVED code - 01.22.1: Breeding sheep and goats.

Which taxation system to choose for a goat farm

The optimal taxation system for a goat farm is the Unified Agricultural Tax, in which the tax is 6% of profit.

Financial plan

Let's move on to calculating the main indicators of business economic efficiency. Fixed expenses The structure of monthly costs for maintaining a goat farm consists of:

• Staff salaries + insurance contributions - 210,000 rubles.
• Feed costs (1000 rub./head) - 100,000 rub.
• Utility payments - 50,000 rubles.
• Expenses under outsourcing agreements (veterinarian, accountant) - 15,000 rubles.
• Other expenses - 30,000 rubles.
• Total - 405,000 rubles.

How much can you earn on a goat farm?

100 dairy goats will produce at least 15,000 liters of milk every month. Sales even at a minimum wholesale price of 50 rubles/l. will allow you to earn 750,000 rubles per month. Taking into account possible losses and other unforeseen expenses, you can count on 600,000 rubles in revenue. Thus, the potential monthly profit of the farm will be: 600,000 - 405,000 = 195,000 rubles. Business profitability is 48%. With such indicators, the project pays for itself in 30-35 months of farm operation.

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

Goat milk products are very popular, and therefore a properly drawn up business plan for breeding these animals will bring tangible profits to the business owner. First of all, you will need to decide on preliminary costs and production volume. It is better to start with small farms, and invest the money already earned on it back into the business, expanding it. Having completed the necessary documents and received permits for activity, we select fertile land for a place for the farm. The premises must provide the required conditions for keeping animals. When buying goats, you should pay attention to their breed; it is better to take Saanen, Toggenburg or Gorky goats. All that remains is to hire staff to care for the animals, purchase food and establish contacts with the sales market.

Which equipment to choose

To produce goat milk daily, you need to purchase special equipment for milking animals. In addition, you will need separators to obtain sour cream, cream and butter. It is advisable to purchase both electric and manual models. Separately, it is worth taking care of the availability of heaters and air ventilation systems in barns.

What documents are needed to open

To implement a business, you must obtain documents for registration of individual entrepreneurs by providing the relevant OKVED codes to the statistical authorities. You will also need to obtain a state registration number - a OGRN certificate. If the land is rented, then a corresponding application to the administration and obtaining a personnel passport, as well as a certificate from the BTI, is required.

Do I need permission to open?

A sanitary and epidemiological certificate from Rospotrebnadzor will be required for the selected activity and sale of the finished product. Appropriate permits from fire and environmental inspections are also required.

Production technology

The quality and quantity of dairy products obtained depends on the selected goat breed. For example, Saanen goats produce 3 times more milk per day than ordinary Russian breeds. It is also worth considering that over time the amount of milk produced increases. In addition to milk, you can produce and sell butter, cream and fermented milk products: cheese, cottage cheese, sour cream, etc. Young animals will also bring good profits. Goat kids are used not only to expand the herd, but also for sale, in live weight or for meat. Another channel for selling goat breeding business is goat fluff, which is used as insulation for clothing or for the production of sheepskin coats.

Breeding small ruminants at home can become the basis of a stable business. Summer residents who have a plot of land become potential entrepreneurs and can consider goat breeding as an additional livestock business. In this article we will look at how to open a goat breeding business from scratch.

Goat farming business: advantages and disadvantages

Goat farming, as a branch of livestock farming, has a number of advantages. Due to the presence of many beneficial properties, goat milk is a popular product all over the world. It is used in the field of medicine (folk and traditional), cosmetology, and food. Meat and wool, used in the food and light industries, are also promising products for business development. The table below shows the advantages and disadvantages of goat farming as a business.

A prerequisite in the process of breeding animals is to maintain the purity of the breed, which is necessary to optimize productivity and high-quality production of offspring. In the development of goat breeding, factors such as genetics, food supply, herd maintenance and maintenance are important. Goat farming can be a complement to livestock farming.

Modern goat breeds

Depending on how much money you have and how much you plan to invest in the business, you should decide on the breed of goats. As a rule, the more expensive the breed, the greater the profit you can make. The productive breeds most suitable for developing a successful business are the following:

• Russians;
• Gorky;
• Saanen;
• Tenburgskie.

Beneficial properties of goat milk

The milk produced by goats differs significantly in composition from that of cows. It is characterized by a high level of protein, vitamins and macroelements (in particular calcium), and has good taste. In addition, the product has a high percentage of fat content and calorie content, but due to the small size of the fat droplets, it is easily absorbed by the body. The polyunsaturated acids contained in fat normalize cholesterol levels in the blood, increase immunity, and have a positive effect on the functioning of all organs and systems of the body. Goat milk contains many vital elements (potassium, iron, iodine), and the amount of retinol, cholecalciferol, ascorbic acid and carotene is much higher than in cow milk.

The unique chemical composition of the product makes it an indispensable cosmetic raw material. Natural components, including casein protein, are hypoallergenic. Regular use of cosmetics based on goat milk has a beneficial effect on the appearance of hair, skin of the body and face, and general health. The use of the product helps restore the strength and protective functions of the body after surgery, colds and other diseases.

Premises for keeping goats

The requirements for the premises are acceptable for domestic animal breeding. In this case, it is necessary to take into account certain parameters:

1. Climate. The optimal conditions for raising animals are the climate of southern latitudes, which will have a positive effect on the procurement of feed and the organization of rational nutrition.
2. Arrangement of the corral. Since goats are poorly adapted to the cold, the room should be insulated.

To obtain high milk yield in a pen of 400 square meters. meters you can place no more than 13 individuals. The presence of high-quality feeders and drinkers is a prerequisite for the normal functioning of animals.

The average daily milk yield from an ordinary goat is on average 3 liters; for high-milk breeding breeds this figure reaches 6 liters. It is important to know that in winter milk production decreases, so at this time close attention should be paid to additional care and nutrition.

Goat nutrition

How many liters of milk an animal will produce depends on the balance and proper nutrition. Hay, root crops, and compound feed are used as feed for goats. To increase the level of milk yield, it is recommended to include special mineral supplements, including salt and vitamin supplements, in the main diet. During the growing process, the presence of a sufficient amount of water plays an important role, so the drinking bowls should always be full and clean. In winter, the drink should be warm. In addition, constant monitoring of animal weight is necessary: ​​obesity or thinness negatively affects the quality and quantity of milk produced. In winter, it is necessary to prepare ~400 kg per individual. hay

Sales of finished products

A key factor for business success is the creation of a sales network for the distribution of goat milk. Food departments, in particular restaurants, schools and preschools, can become regular buyers of these products. Whey obtained from goat milk is widely used by the perfume and cosmetics industry to produce many products. Milk can be sold through grocery stores and dairies. It is not advisable to do large advertising; it is necessary to focus on making individual contacts with consumers.

Assessment of the attractiveness of a business by the magazine website

Business profitability	(3.0 out of 5)	Business attractiveness 3.2
Project payback	(2.5 out of 5)
Ease of starting a business	(4.2 out of 5)
The goat breeding business is promising in rural areas and does not require large financial outlays. Payback period ~30 months. The profitability of the business is ~18-25%, despite its moderate profitability, it is quite difficult to sell products in large quantities. A key success factor is the creation of a sales network of buyers: dairies, shops, cosmetics industry.

Agriculture for small businesses is a good way to earn money. Goat breeding as a business has been gaining popularity in recent years among both beginners and experienced farmers. This line of activity allows you to fully return your investment within three years.

Goat business has a quick payback

Goat farming generates income through the sale of milk and meat. The relatively high profitability is due to several factors.

1. Goats are considered unpretentious animals. They have low requirements for place of residence and feeding.
2. Small investment at the initial stage. To organize a business, in addition to the animals themselves, it is necessary to purchase (rent) a place for them to live (a barn) and find an area for walking.
3. Availability of government support. The government is ready to finance the project in the field of agriculture and livestock. State support is expressed in the provision of preferential loans or non-repayable subsidies.
4. Relatively low competition. With the right approach to organizing a business, it will pay off within the first few years.
5. Virtually waste-free production.

An important requirement for raising livestock is initial planning. The farmer must decide what exactly his earnings will be based on (milk, meat, wool, manure).

Developing a business plan allows you to determine the level of profitability of this area of ​​activity at an early stage.

Why goat farming?

A goat farm as a business can provide its owner with a constant source of income. Provided that the requirements for keeping and caring for livestock are met, they will produce milk at a stable and fairly high level. In addition, this type of business provides ample opportunities for growth and expansion.

A goat farm not only brings a stable income to the owner, but also almost always has the potential for expansion

Goat meat is considered a valuable product and has a number of positive qualities.

1. Dietary product. The human body absorbs goat meat better than beef or pork.
2. High level of nutrients. Goat meat contains proteins, minerals, and vitamins. At the same time, it contains relatively little cholesterol.

Goat's milk is hypoallergenic, so it is recommended for pregnant and lactating women. It is used to treat a number of pathologies, including lung and stomach diseases.

To increase business profitability, it is important to budget for advertising costs at the planning stage. The relatively weak demand for goat products is explained by low public awareness of the beneficial qualities of milk and meat.

Cheese and skins can also become a source of profit. Some farmers purposefully breed goats for these products.

Farm arrangement

In order for a goat business to generate income, it is necessary to draw up a project that includes several important aspects. Depending on financial capabilities and the number of livestock, you can build an appropriate building or rent empty premises. The second option is preferable when the initial investment is small.

Risks and guarantees of a goat milk farm business plan

In a room for goats to live you need:

• availability of heating and running water;
• ventilation system;
• low humidity level.

A business plan for goat breeding should take into account that the farm should be divided into several zones for:

• animal accommodation;
• milking;
• settlements of young animals;
• goats (it is recommended to keep them separately);
• maternity ward;
• goats going to slaughter;
• warehouse for storing feed crops during the cold season.

The design of a future structure for keeping goats should include an area of ​​4 square meters. m. per individual.

Additionally, you need to know that when organizing a farm you will need to purchase feeders, drinking bowls, and warm bedding. These animals love freedom, so it is not recommended to tie them in a stall.

Goats prefer free range without a leash

The list of required equipment for a goat farm includes milking machines. At the initial stage of economic development, you can limit yourself to only them. You will be able to reduce purchasing costs if you purchase milking machines for cows.

Feed distribution and grass collection are carried out using mechanized equipment.

Feeding rules

Goats eat throughout the year:

• fresh grass and hay;
• silo;
• special concentrates.

Add to the animal diet:

• young or dried corn;
• Jerusalem artichokes;
• sweet beets;
• table salt.

During the day, one individual consumes about two kilograms of hay, over the winter - at least 400 kg. Throughout the day, the goat needs to be given cold water 2 times and warm water 3 times.

Care

Feeding of livestock is carried out strictly according to a specific schedule. It is highly not recommended to force yourself out of it, as it causes stress in the goats, which leads to a decrease in milk production.

Animals should be regularly shown to a veterinarian to avoid widespread infection. Goats are also walked according to a schedule. They cannot be kept in a stall all the time. This will negatively affect the health of livestock and, as a result, will lead to a decrease in the quality and quantity of milk and meat.

Caring for kids

Raising goat kids requires following certain rules. After birth, they feed on their mother's milk. Therefore, they are placed in a separate stall where milking is not carried out. Kids should be applied to the udder no more than 30 times daily.

During the first 2-3 days it is important to give milk. Otherwise, mastitis develops. 20 days after birth, the cubs are gradually transferred to a standard diet. No more than 5 grams of chalk and salt per head per day.

A week after birth, goats need regular walking. On pastures, they not only receive vitamins, but also learn from adults to eat grass.

Approximate profitability calculations

The example below does not take into account the costs associated with the acquisition (rent) of premises and land. The exclusion of these parameters from the business plan is explained by the fact that the cost of these objects varies depending on the region of location.

To open a goat business you will need:

• 18,000 -20,000 rubles for the purchase of one kid;
• 10,000 rubles for vitamin and mineral supplements;
• 20,000 rubles for repairs of the premises and transportation costs;
• 10,000 rubles for the construction of a warehouse for storing hay.

Taking into account unforeseen expenses, opening a small home farm will require 75 thousand rubles. In total, at the first stage, expenses for opening a farm will amount to 250 thousand rubles, provided that 10 heads of cattle were purchased.

Also, when drawing up a business plan, you need to consider the following types of costs:

• remuneration of employees and contributions to insurance funds;
• communal payments;
• services of third-party organizations and persons (accountant, veterinarian);
• other expenses.

The size of these costs directly depends on the number of employees working on the farm and the number of livestock. The above costs are fixed costs. Costs can be increased by:

• acquisition of additional equipment and machinery (refrigerated vehicle, household tools, etc.);
• creating a stock of feed.

The goat farm generates income from the sale of milk, wool, hides and young animals

Goat farming as a business begins to make a profit approximately 2 years after opening the farm. The annual milk yield for each animal reaches about 720 liters. After sale, the income will be 30 thousand rubles or more, depending on the sales market. As a result, it turns out that the business fully pays off three years after opening.

If the farm is engaged only in the sale of milk and products made from it, then the annual income will be approximately 320 thousand rubles. Subsequently, the amount of revenue can be increased through the sale of young animals, skins, and so on.

Taking these parameters into account makes it possible to achieve relatively high commercial profitability. The annual profitability of a goat farm is 18-20%. It follows from the example that this line of business is more profitable than many other types of business activities.

Sales of products

As the goat gets older, milk production increases. At the same time, the quality of the milk obtained directly depends on the breed of the animal and feeding characteristics.

By raising goats you can make a profit by selling:

• milk;
• meat;
• wool;
• cream;
• sour cream and other products;
• young goats.

The direction of the business determines the distribution channels. Earnings from young animals are provided by other farms. You can expect to receive more income if you sell dairy products through:

• wholesale and retail outlets;
• supermarkets;
• specialty stores;
• Internet.

For a stable income from a dairy farm, it is necessary to enter into long-term contracts for the supply of products. Moreover, the implementation paths should be “probed” at the stage of organizing the farm.

On average, the profitability of a goat farming business is 20%.

Legal aspects

To open a goat farm, you must register a peasant farm (peasant farm) or an individual entrepreneur (IP). To do this, a corresponding application is written to the tax authority at the location of the business.

• goat breeding;
• sale of dairy products, meat, cheese;
• sale of young animals.

Upon completion of the registration procedure, a OGRN certificate is issued.

Next, an application is submitted to local authorities for the purchase of a plot on which it is planned to build a farm and grazing livestock. If necessary, surveying and registration of the object is carried out.

Goat breeding is a business with a low financial start

At the end, an application is submitted to Rospotrebnadzor for a sanitary and epidemiological assessment. It is also necessary to obtain permission to conduct business from fire and environmental inspections.

The costs of registering an activity are minimal. Preferential taxation is provided for individual entrepreneurs and peasant farms, due to which it is possible to reduce annual expenses at the initial stage of development. As your business grows, and also if you plan to work with large structures (commercial or government), you should register a limited liability company or other legal entity with the tax authority.

Individual entrepreneurs and peasant farms are advantageous in that they are subject to relatively low requirements in terms of completing the necessary documentation. Legal entities to conduct goat business will need to hire an accountant and other employees who will interact with the tax authorities.

Business plan